Ukuhlelwa Kwemizila Yenqubo Yezingxenye Zase-Aerospace

Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kocwaningo lokuhlelwa komzila wenqubo ukukhetha izindlela ezifanele zokuwenza kanye nezinsiza zokukhiqiza zezici zokwenza imishini futhi uzihlele ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zomshini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umzila wenqubo awulingani nethebula lenqubo. Ixoxa kuphela ngokulandelana komshini kwezici zemishini, ukukhethwa kwezindlela zokwenza imishini nezinsiza zokukhiqiza, futhi ayibandakanyi okuqukethwe okuthile komshini okufana nomklamo wendlela yamathuluzi kanye nemingcele yokusika. Ukuhlelwa komzila wenqubo kuyinkinga ye-NP yobunzima be-Hamiltonian [, futhi ekusebenzeni kobunjiniyela, kuvinjelwe imithetho eminingi yenqubo. 

Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlela umzila wenqubo, imibhalo eminingi iwuhlukanisa ube izingxenye ezimbili ukuze ucatshangelwe: okokuqala, qinisekisa ukuthi umzila wenqubo uhlangabezana nezingqinamba zemithetho yenqubo; okwesibili, thuthukisa umzila wenqubo futhi unciphise izindleko zayo zomshini ngangokunokwenzeka. Ekuhlelweni komzila wenqubo, ama-algorithms we-heuristic asetshenziswa kakhulu. 

 Ku-algorithm, izici ezibukela phansi ukuba nokwenzeka komzila wenqubo ngokuyinhloko zikhona ezicini ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho umzila wenqubo yokuqala ukhiqizwa, indlela yokukhiqiza engahleliwe ngokuphelele izokhiqiza ingxenye yemithetho engahambisani nemithetho. Umzila wokucubungula. Kulokhu, isu lokukhetha unqenqema lisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umzila wenqubo yokuqala. Ngokusho kwemephu yesinyathelo sokuqala senqubo, icebo lokuqala likhiqizwa nge-algorithm yokuhlunga ye-topological engahleliwe. Ngokusekelwe kumcabango wesethi yemibala eminingi, isimiso sesinyathelo sokuhlunga sichazwa ngendlela yokwakha i-matrix ebiyelwe ye-Boolean. Ukukhiqiza umzila wenqubo yokuqala kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa komzila wenqubo yokuqala.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela yokusesha yomakhelwane engenazithiyo zomthetho nayo izokhiqiza imizila yenqubo engahambisani nemithetho. Ngalokhu, indlela yokubuyekeza engenzeka iyamukelwa. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa ngakunye kwe-algorithm kuqediwe, inqubo engahambisani nayo izosuswa ngokuya ngemithetho yokulandelana kwenqubo. Uhlelo oluhlangabezana nezidingo. UDou Jianping usebenzisa indlela elandelanayo yokuguqula ukuguquka, futhi asebenzise ukulandelana okungenzeka kwendlela yenqubo ukuqondisa ukuguquka, okuqinisekisa ngempumelelo

Ukutholakala kwenzalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuvezwe ngokusobala izingqinamba zemithetho ekulandelaneni kwezinyathelo, i-matrix ebekiwe yenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho yoku-oda yezinyathelo zokwenza inqubo machining okujwayelekile futhi kulula. Ocwaningweni lwendlela yokuthuthukisa yomzila wenqubo, imvamisa yokushintshwa kwethuluzi lomshini, ithuluzi kanye nendlela yokuphakelayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwensiza kusetshenziswa njengesici sokuhlola ukuze kwakhiwe umsebenzi ohlosiwe, kanye noswebezane lwezinhlayiyana. I-algorithm isetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono. 

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zemishini kanye nezindleko zesikhathi zicatshangelwa, futhi uhlelo luthuthukiswa ngokusekelwe ku-matrix yokuvimbela inqubo esungulwe yizingqinamba zezimpawu nezindlela zomshini, futhi i-algorithm ye-particle swarm algorithm isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa. Hlukanisa amaleveli ezici eziningi ezithinta ikhwalithi yomzila wenqubo, futhi usebenzise indlela yokuhlola okuphelele okungaqondakali ukuze ufinyelele ukulungiselelwa kwesinqumo.

Ngokuya ngokuhlaziywa kwezincwadi okushiwo ngenhla, izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlelwa kwemizila yenqubo yi-genetic algorithm (GA), i-artificial immune algorithm (Artificial Immune System, AIS) namanye ama-algorithm ahlakaniphile. Yize ama-algorithm ahlakaniphile athuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, Ngoba imodeli yenqubo iyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, uhlelo lokusebenza emkhakheni wokuhlelwa kwemizila yenqubo alufinyelelanga ezingeni elikhulile, futhi nethuba lokucwaninga likhulu. Indlela yokuphatha inkinga yama-algorithm ahlakaniphile isenezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• (1) I-algorithm ehlakaniphile ayilusebenzisi ngokugcwele ulwazi lwangaphambilini lwensimu yenqubo, okuholela enanini elikhulu lezibalo ukuze kwakhiwe isethi yemizila yenqubo engenzeka.
• (2) Ukungalingani ekusatshalalisweni kwemizila yenqubo engenzeka kukhuliswa kalula ngomshini osuselwe ebuhlotsheni, ikakhulukazi inani elikhulu lezici zezingxenye zegobolondo lomkhumbi-mkhathi, okuholela emizileni yenqubo engahle isuswe kalula futhi iwele endaweni enhle kakhulu yendawo.
• (3) Ayizange ikucabangele ukuba khona kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuchofoza kusici esifanayo, kufaka phakathi umthelela ezindlekweni zokukhanda, kanye nezindlela zokukhanda zezindlela ezahlukahlukene zemishini ekuhlelweni komzila wenqubo. Ngakho-ke, ngesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi umzila wenqubo uyasebenza, uwulungiselele futhi uwulungise ukuze uthole umzila wenqubo ebiza kancane, okuwukuqukethwe okuyinhloko kocwaningo kule ndatshana.

Xhumanisa nale ndatshana: Ukuhlelwa Kwemizila Yenqubo Yezingxenye Zase-Aerospace

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