Ukusetshenziswa kwe-3D Laser Scanning Metal Mine Goaf Survey

Kwezokumbiwa phansi, ukuhlola umhlaba nokwenziwa kwamamephu kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ikhwalithi yomsebenzi wayo ihlobene ngqo nokusebenza nokuphepha komsebenzi wezimayini. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe obuningi obuthuthukisiwe buthuthukisiwe futhi busetshenzisiwe, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokuskena laser obunezinhlangothi ezintathu bunezinzuzo ezinkulu. Inokunemba okuphezulu ekulinganisweni kwezimbuzi ezimayini zensimbi futhi ibona ukulawula okusebenzayo kwemvelo yokusebenza kwezimayini. Nikeza ngesisekelo sokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lomsebenzi wezimayini.

1 3D laser ukuskena ubuchwepheshe

Lobu buchwepheshe bubizwa nangokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokukopisha umhlaba wangempela. Iwuhlobo lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu olwavela kancane kancane ngeminyaka yawo-1990 futhi lusetshenziswe kakhulu emkhakheni wokuhlola nokubhala imephu. Ekusetshenzisweni kwalobu buchwepheshe, indlela yokulinganisa ukuskena nge-laser yesivinini esiphezulu ingathola ulwazi lokucaca okuphezulu nolwazi lwendawo enkulu njengamadidiyeli (x, y, z), ukukhanya nombala (R, G, B) wephoyinti ngalinye. ebusweni bento. Ngokushesha thola, ngenani elikhulu kangaka lolwazi lwamaphuzu aminyene, imodeli ehambisanayo yephuzu lephoyinti emithathu enombala weqiniso ongu-1:1 ingakhiwa kabusha ngokushesha, okunikeza isisekelo esisebenzayo sokucutshungulwa okulandelayo nokuhlaziywa kwedatha. 

Lobu buchwepheshe bunezici ezibalulekile, njengokushesha, okusebenzayo, okungathintana naye, ukungena okunamandla, okuguquguqukayo, okudijithali, ukuminyana okuphezulu nokunemba okuphezulu, njll., okunxephezela ngempumelelo ukuntuleka kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kolwazi lwendawo kulesi sigaba, futhi uyaqaphela. Iphuzu elilodwa lendabuko Impumelelo endleleni yokulinganisa. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlinzeka ngolwazi lwedatha yamaphoyinti amathathu-ntathu endaweni engaphezulu yento eskeniwe ukuze kutholwe imodeli yendawo yedijithali enembayo ephezulu nenokucaca okuphezulu. 

Ngendlela yokulinganisa ye-laser yesivinini esikhulu, idatha yokuxhumanisa enezinhlangothi ezintathu yobuso bento okufanele ilinganiswe kanye nolwazi olunokulungiswa Okuphezulu nolwazi lwendawo enkulu njengenani elikhulu lamaphoyinti wendawo lungatholakala ngokushesha. Kuwubuchwepheshe obusha obuqaphela ukwakhiwa okusheshayo kwamamodeli wezithombe ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu zezinto.

2 Izimiso zobuchwepheshe bokuskena kwe-3D laser

Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa ngokuyinhloko ukulinganisa kwezixhumanisi ze-polar ukuze kutholwe ngempumelelo idatha yezixhumanisi zendawo zento elinganisiwe. Indlela yokuskena evamile i-cloud computing, eskena indawo engaphezulu yento ukuze ithole idatha enezinhlangothi ezintathu zezibalo zejiyomethri eziboniswayo. Lobu buchwepheshe buncike kakhulu kumgomo wokusukela nge-laser, ngoba inhlanganisela yemishini yokuskena ye-laser ye-3D kanye nemishini eqondiwe ye-laser esukela nohlelo lokulinganisa i-engeli kungakala ngokushesha izinto ezisezikhaleni eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinto ezihlobene eduze namaphoyinti e-laser. 

Idatha efana nokuqondisa okuvundlile, ukushuba kokuboniswa, ibanga eliqondile, njll. itholakala ngokuqondile, futhi ibalwa futhi igcinwe ngokwazo ukuze kutholwe idatha yephoyinti yamafu. Ingalinganiswa ngebanga elingaphezu kuka-1000m, futhi imvamisa yokuskena ingafinyelela kumakhulu ezinkulungwane/s. 

Ngemuva kwalokho, idatha eskeniwe idluliselwa kukhompyutha ngephrothokholi ye-TCP/IP, isithombe sesehlakalo sidluliselwa kukhompyutha ngomugqa wedatha we-USB, bese ikhompyutha isetshenziselwa ukucubungula idatha yefu lephuzu, bese kuba ezintathu- imodeli yobukhulu bento elinganisiwe ixhunywe ne-CAD Redesign. Umgomo we-laser esukela kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.

3 3D laser ukuskena ubuchwepheshe ekusetshenzisweni kwesilinganiso se-goaf yezimayini zensimbi

Kuthathwa njengesibonelo seHunan Xintianling Tungsten Industry, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuskena kwe-laser obulinganiswa kathathu ekulinganisweni kwezimbuzi ezimayini zensimbi kuyahlaziywa. Indawo yale ndawo yezimayini ingu-7.7245m2, futhi ezokuthutha zilula kakhulu. Ngenxa yezidingo zokubalwa kwezimali zokukhiqiza kanye nokuvikelwa kanye nokuqashwa kwezindawo zezimayini, ubuchwepheshe bokuskena i-laser obunezinhlangothi ezintathu kumele busetshenziselwe ukuskena nokukala i-goaf engaphansi komhlaba, ivolumu ye-goaf ibalwa ngemininingwane yangempela eskenwe, kanye nokwakhiwa imodeli enezinhlangothi ezintathu iqaliswa. Ukwethula izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba kukhompyutha kuyisisekelo esisebenzayo sokuthuthukiswa kwedijithali kwezindawo zezimayini.

3.1 Ukuhlelwa kwenethiwekhi yokulawula ku-goaf

Ekusetshenzisweni kwe-laser scanner enezinhlangothi ezintathu, uhlelo lokuxhumanisa olusetshenzisiwe lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukusebenzisa isithwebuli njengesikhungo sokuqalisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuxhumanisa oluzimele. Ukuguqula uhlelo ngalunye lokudidiyela oluzimele lube uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lokuxhumanisa, kuyadingeka ukwethula izindawo zokulawula zokuxhumanisa ohlelweni lokuxhumanisa olulinganiswa endaweni yezimayini ezindaweni ezikhishwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, futhi ukuskena kwesiteshi ngasinye kungasetshenziselwa Ngokuskena okuhlosiwe ngezixhumanisi ezijwayelekile eziyiqiniso, uhlelo lokuxhumanisa ledatha yephuzu lefu lingahlanganiswa ngempumelelo, futhi uhlelo lokuxhumanisa ledatha yephuzu lefu kanye nohlelo lokuxhumanisa lwesilinganiso sendawo yezimayini nakho kungahlanganiswa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuhlela kahle amaphuzu wokulawula esilinganisweni kuzo zonke izimbuzi ezingaphansi komhlaba ngendlela yefomu yocingo lesilinganiso sebanga lesithombe ngasesiteshini esiphelele.

3.2 Yenza ukucutshungulwa kwe-3D laser scanning

Emsebenzini, le ndawo yezimayini isebenzisa imishini yokuskena i-Leica 3D laser ukwenza ukuskena okungaphansi kwesiteshi se-goaf ngayinye (bheka Umfanekiso 2), nezinhloso ezi-3 zihlelwe esiteshini ngasinye, futhi isiteshi ngasinye siskeniwe ngasikhathi sinye. 3 Okuqondiwe kuskenwe futhi kuyalinganiswa futhi nendawo yejiyomethri yethagethi ifakiwe, khona-ke izinhloso ezintathu zinobudlelwano bendawo eseduze nohlelo lokuxhumanisa oluzimele lwedatha eskeniwe; Lapho ulinganisa izixhumanisi zesikhungo se-geometry ehlosiwe, izinhloso ezintathu zisohlelweni lwasendaweni lokuxhumanisa futhi kukhona ubudlelwane bendawo obuhlobene. Izikhungo zeJiyomethri zalezi zinhloso ezintathu zithathwa njengendawo evamile, futhi ifu lephuzu elisatshalaliswa kwemininingwane elandelayo yehhovisi Ngalesi sikhathi, imininingwane yamafu ephuzu esiteshini ngasinye yahlukaniswa futhi nohlelo lokuxhumanisa oluzimele lwesiteshi ngasinye lwaguqulwa lwenziwa indawo hlela uhlelo.

3.3 Ukucutshungulwa kwedatha yebhizinisi yangaphakathi

Ekucutshungulweni kwedatha yasehhovisi, ifaka phakathi ukusikwa kwedatha, ukuncipha kwedatha, ukulinganisa idatha ebonakalayo, ukwakheka kwemodeli yebhizinisi enzinhlangothi ezintathu, kanye nokukhishwa kwedatha okuhlukanisiwe.

Okokuqala, khipha idatha yesithwebuli nge-software yeLeica, bese wenza ukucutshungulwa kwedatha eskeniwe, bese usebenzisa idatha yamafu yesiza ngasinye ngenhloso yokuskena enembile yenkambu kanye nezixhumanisi zesikhungo zethonya lokulinganisa lesiteshi esiphelele. Ngokucutshungulwa kokuphindaphindwa, iphutha lokuphindaphindwa kwelitshe lale phrojekthi lingaphakathi kuka-2mm.

Ngoba idatha yephuzu lefu eqoqwe ukuskena kwe-3D laser inenani elikhulu lemininingwane, leli nani elikhulu lemininingwane lidinga ukucutshungulwa yisoftware ethile. Kulesi sigaba, isoftware evame ukusetshenziswa ye-CAD kanye nesoftware ehlola ayikwazi ukucubungula kahle le datha enkulu yefu, ngakho-ke, Ngaphambi kokungenisa idatha yephuzu lamafu, idatha kufanele isuswe. Imininingwane ingancishiswa ngokusho kwendlela yokulinganisa elinganayo, engeke iqinisekise kuphela ukuthi idatha yephuzu lefu inokunemba okuhle, kepha futhi inciphise umthelela wedatha enkulu kusivinini sokucubungula.

Ngemuva kokuqeda ukuncipha kwe-microdata, phatha idatha efana nedatha yasekuqaleni, bese wenza imodeli enamacala amathathu nge-software yobuchwepheshe efana ne-3Dmine ne-Cyclone. Ngokuya ngemodeli enezinhlangothi ezintathu, kungenzeka ukubala ngokunembile ivolumu nengxenye enqamulelayo yendawo ekhishwe, nokukhipha imigwaqo neminye imininingwane ehlukahlukene edingekayo yokunikeza isisekelo esinembile nesiphelele somsebenzi olandelayo.

Xhumanisa nale ndatshana: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-3D Laser Scanning Metal Mine Goaf Survey

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