1. Izinto ezintsha zokuphrinta ze-3D ezidalwe yi-metallurgy ukuze zisetshenziswe

Ephephabhukwini i-Nature ngoJanuwari 2019, ososayensi base-Imperial College London nase-University of Sheffield e-UK babike ukuthi basebenzisa kanjani ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D ukuze benze indlela engajwayelekile ngokudweba umqondo wezinto ze-metallurgy (M.-S. Pham) .

Into ebikwe ngaphambilini ivamise ukwakhiwa "ngamaseli" afanayo ahlelwe ukuze wonke abe nomumo ofanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho umthwalo udlula iphuzu lokukhiqiza, indawo yokucindezeleka ephezulu yendawo ibonakala, okuholela ekuweni okuyingozi kwamandla omshini wezinto ezibonakalayo. Lapho isakhiwo sicindezelwe, lapho amandla sewanele ukubangela ukuguquguquka okuhlala njalo, i-lattice izogunda ngendiza eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Akukho okungavimba lokhu kugunda, futhi ukuphuka okwenzekayo kuba yinhlekelele.

Ososayensi bahlole isamba sezinto ezintathu ezihlukene, ezidinga ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obuthathu obuhlukene be-3D. Njengoba kulindelekile, izakhiwo zalezi zinto zibalulekile. NgokukaDkt. Minh-Son Pham we-Imperial College London, le ndlela ye-meta-crystal ingahlanganiswa nentuthuko yakamuva yokuphrinta kwe-3D yezinto eziningi ukuze kuvulwe imingcele emisha yocwaningo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinto ezintsha ezithuthukisiwe ezinesisindo esincane, amandla amakhulu emishini, futhi abe Nokuthuthukisa amandla okuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bekhabhoni ephansi esikhathini esizayo.

2. Izinto zokuphrinta ze-piezoelectric ze-3D! Noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kokuqondisa kuguqulwa kube amandla kagesi

Ithimba labacwaningi base-Virginia Tech lenze indlela entsha yezinto zokwakha ze-piezoelectric ze-3D. Lezi zinsiza ze-piezoelectric zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuguqula ukunyakaza, umthelela kanye nengcindezi kunoma iyiphi indlela ibe amandla kagesi.

UZheng Xiaoyu uthe: Senze ikilasi likayinki we-piezoelectric ozwela kakhulu ongaqoshwa abe izici ezintathu-ntathu ngokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Lawa ma-inki aqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-piezoelectric nanocrystals. Lawa makristalu anamathela ndawonye nejeli ezwela i-UV ukuze akhe isisombululo, ingxube emhlophe ebisi njengamakristalu ancibilikisiwe. Bese, siyiphrinta ngephrinta yokukhanya kwedijithali ye-3D enokulungiswa okuphezulu. Ithimba libonise le nto ephrintiwe ye-3D enesilinganiso esingakala ingxenye yobubanzi bezinwele zomuntu. Ungenza ngendlela oyifisayo lesi sakhiwo ukuze usenze sivumelane nezimo futhi uzisebenzise, ​​isibonelo, njengethuluzi lokuvuna amandla ukumboza noma iyiphi indawo egobile.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bezinto ze-3D zokuphrinta ze-piezoelectric ezithuthukiswe ithimba zibenza bangabe besavinjelwa ukuma noma usayizi. Lokhu okubalulekile kungabuye kwenziwe kusebenze ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngesizukulwane esisha sezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile nezinto ezihlakaniphile zokubona okuthintekayo, ukuqapha umthelela nokudlidliza, ukuvunwa kwamandla, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kulezi zindawo, izakhiwo ezenziwe ngokuphelele ngezinto ze-piezoelectric zingakwazi ukuzwa ukushaqeka, ukudlidliza nokunyakaza, futhi ziqaphe futhi zikuthole.

3. I-MIT ithuthukisa izinto zokuphrinta ze-3D ezigqokekayo

Ithimba labacwaningi elivela ku-Massachusetts Institute of Technology lenze into ephrintiwe ye-3D ye-mesh engakwazi ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokwakheka kwejiyomethri. Lokhu okubalulekile kungasetshenziswa ukwenza izisekelo ezigqokekayo ezingasindi nezithambile, kanye nezinhlelo zezokwelapha ezifakelwayo. imishini.

Ukugxila kwalolu cwaningo ukuhlinzeka hhayi kuphela izakhiwo zemishini ezidingekayo ukuze kusekelwe izicubu zomuntu, kodwa futhi nokwakheka kwejometri, nokuguquguquka nokunethezeka kwezindwangu zendwangu.

Abacwaningi bathola ugqozi lokuklama kwale nto ku-collagen, into engokwemvelo. I-Collagen iyiphrotheni yesakhiwo ezicutshini ezithambile zomuntu. Imigqa, imisipha kanye nemisipha konke kuqukethe i-collagen. I-collagen ebonwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ibukeka njengentambo esontekile futhi ephothene, eba iqonde lapho yeluliwe.

Ngokuka-A. John Hart, uprofesa ohlanganyele wobunjiniyela bemishini e-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, lolu hlobo lwendlela yokukhiqiza impahla ye-mesh ilula uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi ingenziwa ngephrinta yedeskithophu ye-FDM ye-3D. Ithimba labacwaningi be-MIT lithe zonke izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha ezingase zihlangane nomzimba womuntu, njengezibambiso, ama-orthotics, kanye nama-stents enhliziyo, zingaba yizimo zokusetshenziswa kwalezi zinto zokuphrinta ezinezikhala ze-3D.

Okwesine, ama-metamatadium wokuphrinta we-3D anezici zokubona

Ngo-April 2019, ithimba lonjiniyela abavela eNyuvesi yase-Tufts e-United States lenze uchungechunge lwezinto eziphrintiwe ze-3D ezine-microwave ehlukile noma izakhiwo zokubona.

Kulolu cwaningo, abacwaningi base-Tufts University's Nano Lab bachaze uhlelo lokukhiqiza oluyingxube elisebenzisa ukuphrinta kwe-3D, ukunamathela kwensimbi, nokunamathisela ukuze kudale ubude begagasi ebangeni le-microwave, elinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zejometri nemisebenzi yamanoveli. Izinto eziphezulu.

Isibonelo, bakha uxhaxha lwezakhiwo ezincane ezifana namakhowe, ngayinye ene-resonator yensimbi enephethini encane phezulu kwesiqu. Leli lungiselelo elikhethekile livumela ama-microwaves emazingeni athile ukuthi amunnwe, kuye ngokuthi i-geometry "amakhowe" akhethiwe kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinjengalezi kunenani elikhulu ezinhlelweni ezifana nezinzwa zokuxilonga zezokwelapha, izinti zokuxhumana, nezitholi zezithombe.

USameer Sonkusale uthe: "Ikhono lokuhlanganisa i-metamatadium liwusizo kakhulu. Singasebenzisa lezi zinto ukuze sinciphise ubukhulu be-spectrometers nezinye izinto zokulinganisa optical ukuze zenzelwe ucwaningo lwensimu ephathekayo."

I-Clariant yethula izinto zokuphrinta ze-3D ezintsha ezingenawo i-halogen ezingenamalangabi

I-clarint 20% ye-glass fiber eqiniswe i-polyamide evimbela ilangabi PA6-GF 20 isebenzisa i-Exolit. Le nto yokuphrinta ye-3D isebenzisa i-Exolit halogen-free flame retardant, engafinyelela isilinganiso se-UL 94 V-0 esiphansi esingu-0.4 mm kanye nezinga lokushisa lentambo yokushisisa engu-750°C kugqinsi elingu-3.0 mm.

Izinto zokuphrinta ze-3D ezisanda kuthuthukiswa ezihlangabezana ne-flame retardant, intuthu ephansi namazinga angenabo ubuthi. I-PA6/66-GF20 FR LS isebenzisa izinto ezibuyisela amalangabi e-Exolit ihlangabezana ne-EN 45545-2, NFPA 130 (ASTM E162, ASTM E662) kanye namazinga e-SMP 800-C. Impahla yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuphrinta kwe-3D, engafinyelela izakhiwo ezifanele zemishini, ukubambezeleka komlilo okuhle kakhulu, intuthu ephansi kanye nobuthi obuphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izingxenye eziyingqayizivele zokufaka isicelo sesitimela nazo zaboniswa.

Izinto zakamuva zebanga lezimboni ze-PC

Ekoteni yokugcina yalo nyaka, iPolymaker yethule ngokulandelana izinto ezintathu ezintsha ze-PC yezinga lezimboni (i-polycarbonate). Lawa: I-Polymaker™ PC-ABS, i-Polymaker™ PC-PBT kanye ne-PolyMax™ PC-FR.

I-Polymaker™ PC-ABS, okuyi-polymer alloy ye-polycarbonate (PC) ne-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) eyaziwa kakhulu emakethe. Izakhiwo zale alloy ziwukumelana nomthelela omkhulu nokumelana nokushisa, nokucubungula okulula.

I-Polymaker™ PC-PBT ihlanganisa ukumelana kwamakhemikhali okuhle kwezinto ze-polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) namandla kanye nokuqina kwe-polycarbonate (PC). I-Polymaker™ PC-PBT isengagcina ukuqina okuhle nokusebenza kokuphuka kwe-ductile ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu njengokuxhumana namakhemikhali e-hydrocarbon noma amazinga okushisa angaphansi kweqanda.

I-PolyMax™ PC-FR iyisici se-PC esibamba ilangabi. Ngenkathi igcina ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezinto ze-polycarbonate, ingafinyelela izinga le-V0 ekuhlolweni kwe-UL94 flame retardancy.

Iplathifomu entsha ye-IROPRINT AM ifaka izinto ezintathu ezihlukene ezisuselwa ku-polyurethane:

♦ I-IROPRINT F filament-i-high-performance thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) impahla enobubanzi obuzinzile, ilungele izindlela zokuphrinta ze-3D ezisekelwe ku-extrusion.

♦ I-IROPRINT P ye-powder-high-performance-based TPU impahla ye-TPU, efanelekile i-high-speed sintering (HSS) kanye nezindlela zokuphrinta ze-laser ezikhethiwe (SLS) ze-3D.

♦ I-IROPRINT R resin-ifanele i-resin ewuketshezi ezinzile, ethambile, enengxenye eyodwa, ukucutshungulwa kokukhanya kwedijithali (DLP), i-stereo lithography (SLA) kanye nezinye izindlela zokuphrinta ze-3D ezisebenzisa imisebe.

Yiziphi izinto ezijwayelekile zokuphrinta kwe-3D yendabuko?

①ABS ipulasitiki

I-ABS iyipolymer ephumayo enkulu kunazo zonke futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje. Ihlanganisa ngokwendalo izici ezihlukahlukene ze-PS, SAN kanye ne-BS, futhi inezici zokuqina, ukuqina kanye nokuqina. I-ABS iyi-terpolymer ye-acrylonitrile, i-butadiene ne-styrene. U-A umelela i-acrylonitrile, u-B umelela i-butadiene, kanti u-S umele i-styrene.

Ipulasitiki ye-ABS ivamise ukuba yi-opaque, inombala okhanyayo wezinyo lendlovu, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinaphunga, inamandla amakhulu okuthonya, ukuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional, izakhiwo zikagesi, ukumelana nemihuzuko, ukumelana namakhemikhali, izakhiwo zokudaya, ukucubungula ukubumba kanye nokucutshungulwa komshini Kokubili kungcono.

②PLA ipulasitiki

I-PLA (i-polylactic acid) iwuhlobo olusha lwezinto ezibolayo, ezenziwe ngesitashi sezinto ezingavuthiwe ezihlongozwe izinsiza zezitshalo ezivuselelekayo (njengommbila). I-Polylactic acid inokuhambisana okuhle, ukuwohloka, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zomzimba. Ilungele izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula ezifana nokubunjwa kwe-blow kanye ne-thermoplastic. Kulula ukuyicubungula futhi inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde ibe nesicwebezelisi esihle nokungafihli lutho, namandla amahle okuqina kanye ne-ductility.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezingenziwa ngezinto ze-PLA ne-ABS, futhi kukhona ukugqagqana okuningi. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukwahlulela kusukela kumkhiqizo ojwayelekile ngokwawo. Ngokuphambene, i-ABS i-matte, kuyilapho i-PLA ikhanya kakhulu. Uma ishiswa kufika ku-195 degrees, i-PLA ingakhishwa kahle, kodwa i-ABS ayikwazi. Uma ishisiswe kufika kuma-degree angu-220, i-ABS ingakhishwa kahle, futhi i-PLA izoba namabhamuza aqhumayo futhi ifakwe nekhabhoni. I-Carbonization ingavimba umlomo wombhobho, okuyingozi kakhulu.

③Amapulasitiki wobunjiniyela

Amapulasitiki obunjiniyela abhekisela kumapulasitiki ezimboni asetshenziswa njengezingxenye zezimboni noma izinto zezindlu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto, inezinzuzo zokulinganisa amandla, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nokuguga, ubulukhuni nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, okwamanje iyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphrinteni kwe-3D. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamapulasitiki obunjiniyela zifaka izinto ze-ABS zezimboni, izinto ze-PC, izinto zenayiloni nokunye.

Impahla ye-Industrial ABS

Kuyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela be-thermoplastic evame ukusetshenziswa ku-FDM (i-fused deposition modeling) inqubo ye-prototyping esheshayo. Inezinzuzo zamandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuhle, nokumelana nomthelela. Izinga lokushisa elivamile le-deformation lingaphezu kuka-90°C. Ingacutshungulwa ngomshini (ibhobholwe, ithephe), ipendwe, futhi icwecwe.

Iplanethi ye-ABS ephrintiwe ye-3D igiya kanye nemodeli yeketanga (umthombo wesithombe: Stratasys)

Izinto ze-PC

Kuyinto yeqiniso ye-thermoplastic enazo zonke izici zepulasitiki yobunjiniyela: amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana nokugoba, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yokugcina. Amasampula enziwe ngezinto ze-PC angaqoqwa ngokuqondile futhi asetshenziswe ezimbonini zokuhamba nezinto zikagesi zasendlini. Umbala wezinto ze-PC awuwodwa, umhlophe kuphela, kodwa amandla awo angaphezulu kuka-60% ngaphezu kwalawo we-ABS. Inezinto ezibonakalayo zobunjiniyela obukhulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-elekthronikhi yabathengi, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, ukwenziwa kwezimoto, i-aerospace, imishini yezokwelapha neminye imikhakha.

Inayiloni impahla

I-powder emhlophe, impahla ye-nylon ye-SLS ye-nylon inezici zesisindo esilula, ukumelana nokushisa, i-coefficient ephansi ye-friction kanye nokumelana nokugqoka. Usayizi wezinhlayiyana zempushana mncane, futhi ukunemba kwemodeli kuphezulu. Izingxenye ze-Sintered azidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile ngemva kokwelashwa, okungukuthi, zingaba namandla aphezulu okudonsa. Ukukhethwa kombala akubanzi njenge-PLA ne-ABS, kodwa kungakhethwa futhi kufakwe umbala ngokupenda kwesifutho, ukudaya kwediphu nezinye izindlela. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zinezinga lokushisa lokuhlanekezela ukushisa elingu-110°C, futhi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni, ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini, kuma-electronics abathengi, ukuklama ubuciko kanye nemikhiqizo yezimboni, futhi inezinhlelo eziningi ezahlukene.

Izinto ze-PC-ABS

Ingenye ye-thermoplastic yobunjiniyela esetshenziswa kakhulu. I-PC-ABS inokuqina kwe-ABS namandla aphezulu nokumelana nokushisa kwezinto ze-PC, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni, ezintweni zasendlini nasezimbonini zokuxhumana. Amandla ezibonelo ezenziwe ngale nto kanye nempahla ye-FORTUS cishe aphakeme ngo-60% kunalawo ezinhlelo zendabuko ze-FDM, ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa i-PC-ABS kungaphrinta izingxenye ze-thermoplastic ezihlanganisa amamodeli engqondo, ama-prototypes asebenzayo, amathuluzi okukhiqiza, nezingxenye zokugcina. .

I-PC-ISO impahla

Kuyinto emhlophe ye-thermoplastic edlulile isitifiketi sezokwelapha nempilo futhi inamandla aphezulu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezemithi nemishini yezokwelapha, futhi isetshenziswa emikhakheni yobungcweti njengokulingisa ukuhlinzwa, ukulungisa ugebhezi, kanye nodokotela bamazinyo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngoba inakho konke ukusebenza kwe-PC, ingasetshenziswa futhi embonini yokupakisha ukudla kanye nemithi. Amasampula enziwe angasetshenziswa njengamamodeli omqondo, ama-prototypes asebenzayo, amathuluzi okukhiqiza kanye nezingxenye zokugcina.

Izinto ze-PSU

Kuyimpahla yenhlaka enezinga lokushisa elihlanekezela ukushisa elingu-189°C. Inamandla aphakeme kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa nokumelana nokugqwala kwazo zonke izinto ze-thermoplastic. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokugcina futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni ye-aerospace. , Ezokuthutha kanye nemboni yezokwelapha. Izinto ze-PSU zingaletha isipiliyoni esiqondile sokukhiqiza kwedijithali, ngokusebenza okuzinzile kakhulu, futhi zingafinyelela imiphumela emangalisayo ngokusebenzisa imishini ye-RORTUS.

Ipulasitiki ye-thermoset

Ama-thermosetting resins afana nama-epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester, phenolic resins, amino resins, polyurethane resins, silicone resins, aromatics heterocyclic resins, njll. anezici zamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nomlilo, ezifanele kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-3D printing powder laser Sintering ukubumba inqubo. Ososayensi bezinto ezibonakalayo abavela eSikoleni Sobunjiniyela Nesayensi Yezinto Ezisetshenziswayo sase-Harvard University kanye ne-Wyss Institute of Bioengineering ngokuhlanganyela bathuthukise okokusebenza kwe-3D-printable epoxy-based thermosetting resin. Le resin ye-epoxy ingaphrintwa nge-3D ibe izakhiwo zokwakha ukuze isetshenziswe ezakhiweni ezingasindi. .

④I-resin ezwelayo

I-photosensitive resin yakhiwe ngama-polymer monomers nama-prepolymers. Ngenxa yoketshezi lwayo oluhle kanye nezici zokuphulukisa ukukhanya osheshayo, inhlaka ye-photosensitive resin isibe yinketho yokuqala ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo zokuphrinta ze-3D zokuphrinta umkhiqizo onembayo. I-photosensitive resin inesivinini sokuphulukisa ngokushesha nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokumisa phezulu. Ukubonakala komkhiqizo ngemuva kokubunjwa kubushelelezi, futhi kungaba sobala ku-frosted translucent. Ikakhulukazi, i-photosensitive resin inephunga eliphansi kanye nezithako zokucasuka okuncane, ezifanele kakhulu izinhlelo zokuphrinta zedeskithophu ye-3D yomuntu siqu.

Ama-resins avamile we-photosensitive yi-somos NEXT material, i-resin somos11122 impahla, i-somos19120 impahla kanye ne-epoxy resin.

somos NEXT impahla

Impahla emhlophe, into entsha efana ne-PC, ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, ngokuyisisekelo ingafinyelela ukusebenza kwento enayiloni eyenziwe ngokukhetha i-laser sintering (i-SLS, i-laser sintering ekhethiwe), kodwa ukunemba nekhwalithi ephezulu kungcono. Izingxenye ezenziwe ngezinto ze-somos NEXT zinokuqina okuhle kakhulu nokuqina kuze kube manje, kuyilapho zigcina izinzuzo zomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu, usayizi oqondile kanye nokubukeka okuhle kwempahla yokumodela enezinhlangothi ezintathu eselashwe ukukhanya. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni, ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini, ezikagesi zabathengi nakweminye imikhakha.

somos11122 impahla

Ibukeka njengepulasitiki yangempela ekhanyelayo, inozinzo oluhle kakhulu olungangenwa amanzi kanye nobukhulu, futhi inganikeza izici ezihlukahlukene ezifanayo zepulasitiki zobunjiniyela ezihlanganisa i-ABS ne-PBT. Lezi zici ziyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni, endaweni yezokwelapha neye-elekthronikhi.

somos19120 impahla

Yenziwe nge-pink, okuyimpahla ekhethekile yokuphonsa. Ngemuva kokubumba, ingakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuqondile i-prototype yefilimu ye-wax yokubunjwa okunembayo, ukugwema ingozi yokuthuthukisa isikhunta, unciphise kakhulu umjikelezo, futhi ube nezici zokugcinwa komlotha ophansi nokunemba okuphezulu.

I-epoxy resin

Kuyi-laser ye-prototyping resin esheshayo okulula ukuyiphonsa. Iqukethe umlotha ophansi kakhulu (okuqukethwe komlotha osele ku-800°C <0.01%). Ingasetshenziswa ku-silica ehlanganisiwe ne-alumina yamagobolondo ezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, futhi ayiqukethe i-antimony yensimbi esindayo. Ukuze kwenziwe isikhunta esinembe kakhulu esisheshayo.

⑤Izinto zenjoloba

Izinto zenjoloba zinezici zamazinga amaningi wezinto ezinwebekayo. Ukuqina, ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu, ukumelana nezinyembezi namandla aqinile alezi zinto zokwakha kuzenza zifaneleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okudinga izindawo ezingasheleli noma ezithambile. Imikhiqizo yenjoloba ephrintiwe ye-3D ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izinto zikagesi ezithengwayo, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, izinto zangaphakathi zezimoto, amathayi, nama-gaskets.

⑥Izinto zensimbi

Impushana yensimbi esetshenziswa ekuphrinteni kwe-3D ngokuvamile idinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukuzungeza okuhle, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane, nokuqukethwe komoyampilo ophansi. Njengamanje, izinto zokwakha zensimbi ezisetshenziswa ekunyatheliseni kwe-3D ikakhulukazi zifaka ingxubevange ye-titanium, ingxubevange ye-cobalt-chromium, insimbi engagqwali ne-aluminium alloy materials, futhi kukhona nezinto eziyigugu zensimbi eziyimpushana ezifana negolide nesiliva ezisetshenziselwa ukuphrinta ubucwebe.

Endleleni ekhethiwe ye-sintering ye-metal powder, kunezimpushana zensimbi ezintathu ezivame ukusetshenziswa:

(1) Ukuze uthole ingxube yempushana yensimbi kanye ne-organic binder, lezi zimpushana ezimbili zixutshwa ngokufanayo ngengxenye ethile bese zifakwa ngelaser.

(2) Ingxube yezimpushana ezimbili zensimbi, enye yazo enephuzu elincibilikayo eliphansi, elisebenza njengesibophelelo phakathi nenqubo ye-laser sintering.

(3) Ngempushana yensimbi eyodwa, yokucwilisa iyunithi yesistimu, ikakhulukazi izinsimbi ezincibilikayo, idinga ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo ngesikhathi esifushane futhi idinga i-laser enamandla amakhulu. Inkinga enkulu ku-sintering yensimbi eqondile yisakhiwo sesakhiwo. I-Porosity iholela ezingxenyeni eziphansi zokuminyana kanye nezakhiwo ezimbi zemishini.

Ithuluzi steel metal impahla

Ukusebenziseka kwensimbi yensimbi kuvela ebukhuni bayo obuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokuguqulwa, kanye nekhono lokugcina umkhawulo wokusika emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Insimbi ye-Die H13 eshisayo ingenye yazo, engamelana nezimo zenqubo yesikhathi esingaqinisekile.

Insimbi engagqwali impahla

Insimbi engagqwali ihlukile kune-carbon steel. Okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kwamanje kuhlukile. Ingxubevange yensimbi enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-chromium okungu-10.5% akulula ukugqwala nokugqwala.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Austenitic engu-316L, enamandla amakhulu nokumelana nokugqwala, ingakwazi ukwehla ifike ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ebangeni elibanzi lokushisa, ingasetshenziswa endaweni ye-aerospace, i-petrochemical nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zobunjiniyela, futhi ingasetshenziswa ekucubunguleni ukudla nasezinkundleni zokwelapha.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Martensitic engu-15-5PH, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-maraging (imvula eqinile) insimbi engagqwali, inamandla aphezulu, iqinile kahle, imelana nokugqwala, futhi ingaqina nakakhulu, futhi ayinayo i-ferrite. Njengamanje, isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, petrochemical, chemical, processing food, papermaking kanye nezimboni zokucubungula insimbi.

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Martensitic engu-17-4PH isenamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuphezulu ku-315°C, futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okukhulu. Ngesimo sokucubungula i-laser, ingaletha i-ductility enhle kakhulu.

Ingxubevange metal materials

Ama-alloys ensimbi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokuphrinta ze-3D zensimbi ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa i-titanium ehlanzekile ne-titanium alloys, ama-alloys e-aluminium, ama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel, ama-cobalt-chromium alloys, nama-alloys asekelwe ethusi.

I-alloy i-Titanium

I-titanium emsulwa esetshenziswa njengamanje emakethe, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-titanium emsulwa yokuhweba, ihlukaniswe yaba yimpushana yebanga loku-1 kanye nebanga lesi-2, ibanga lesi-2 linamandla kunebanga loku-1, futhi alikwazi ukugqwala ezinhlelweni eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-titanium grade 2 ehlanzekile inokuvumelana okuhle kwe-biocompatibility, inamathuba amaningi okusebenza embonini yezokwelapha.

I-Titanium iyisihluthulelo semboni ye-titanium alloy. Njengamanje, ingxubevange ye-titanium esetshenziswa ekunyatheliseni kwensimbi ye-3D ngokuyinhloko i-titanium alloy grade 5 ne-titanium alloy grade 23. Ngenxa yamandla ayo amangalisayo nokuqina kwawo, kuhlangene nokungagqwala, amandla adonsela phansi akhethekile kanye nokuvumelana kwezinto eziphilayo, asetshenziswa emkhathini nasekukhiqizeni izimoto. . Inesicelo esihle kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, i-modulus ephansi, nokumelana nokukhathala okuqinile, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezimila ze-biomedical. I-Titanium alloy grade 23, enobumsulwa obuphakeme, iyibanga le-titanium yamazinyo nelezokwelapha njengebanga likankulunkulu.

aluminium ingxubevange

Njengamanje, ama-alloys e-aluminium asetshenziswa ekuphrinteni kwe-3D yensimbi ikakhulukazi afaka i-AlSi12 ne-AlSi10Mg. I-Al-Si 12 iyimpushana yensimbi eyenziwe ngezithako engasindi enezici ezinhle ezishisayo. Ingasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezinezindonga ezincane njengezishintshisi zokushisa noma ezinye izingxenye ezizenzakalelayo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi kuma-aerospace kanye ne-aerospace yama-prototypes ebanga lezimboni kanye nezingxenye zokukhiqiza. Izingxenye: Inhlanganisela ye-silicon/magnesium yenza ingxubevange ye-aluminium iqine futhi ibe nzima, iyenze ifanelekele izingxenye zejiyomethri ezinodonga oluncane neziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezisebenza kahle ezishisayo nesisindo esiphansi.

I-alloy-bronze powder esekelwe ethusi

I-alloy esekwe ethusi esetshenziswa emakethe, evame ukubizwa ngethusi, inokushintshwa okuhle kwe-thermal kanye nokuhamba kukagesi. Ingakwazi ukuhlanganisa inkululeko yokuklama ukukhiqiza isakhiwo sangaphakathi esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nesiteshi sokupholisa. Ifanele ukupholisa amathuluzi aphumelela kakhulu okufaka isikhunta, njengamadivayisi we-semiconductor, futhi ingasetshenziswa Ku-exchanger yokushisa encane, inezici zodonga oluncane kanye nesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi.

Izinto zensimbi eziyigugu

Imikhiqizo ephrintiwe ye-3D iba nomthelela kakhulu embonini yezemfashini. Abaklami bobucwebe emhlabeni wonke babonakala bezuza kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta obusheshayo be-3D njengemboni enamandla yokudala engamiselela kalula ezinye izindlela zokukhiqiza. Emkhakheni wobucwebe bezinto zokuphrinta ze-3D, igolide, isiliva esicwebezelayo, ithusi, njll.

⑦ Izinto zobumba

Izinto ze-Ceramic zinezici ezinhle kakhulu ezifana namandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi, ukuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, nokumelana nokugqwala. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, izimoto, zebhayoloji nezinye izimboni. Imikhiqizo ye-ceramic ephrintiwe ye-3D ayingeneli, imelana nokushisa (kufika ku-600°C), iyagaywa kabusha, futhi ayinabo ubuthi, kodwa amandla ayo awaphezulu. Zingasetshenziswa njengezitsha ezikahle zokupheka kanye ne-tableware (izinkomishi, izitsha, amapuleti, izinkomishi zamaqanda nama-coaster) Nezinto zokuhlobisa zasekhaya njengezibambi zamakhandlela, amathayili, amavazi, nemisebenzi yobuciko.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici eziqinile neziqinile zezinto ze-ceramic, kunzima kakhulu ukucubungula nokuma, ikakhulukazi izingxenye ze-ceramic eziyinkimbinkimbi zidinga ukubunjwa yizibungu. Izindleko eziphezulu zokucubungula isikhunta kanye nomjikelezo omude wokuthuthuka kwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokubuyekezwa komkhiqizo okuqhubekayo.

⑧Impushana ye-gypsum ehlanganisiwe (i-sandstone enombala ogcwele)

Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokuphrinta we-3D. Izinto ezenziwe nge-sandstone enemibala egcwele zinomqondo oqinile wombala, futhi ubuso bomkhiqizo ophrintiwe we-3D bunomuzwa wezinhlamvu, futhi imigqa ephrintiwe isobala kakhulu ukwenza into ibe nomphumela okhethekile wokubuka. Ukuthungwa kwayo kuyaphuka futhi konakaliswa kalula, futhi ayifanele ukuphrinta izinto ezivame ukubekwa ngaphandle noma ezindaweni ezinomswakama kakhulu.

Xhumanisa nale ndatshana: Okuphelele kakhulu kokuphrinta kwe-3D emlandweni

Phinda Uphrinte Isitatimende: Uma ingekho imiyalelo ekhethekile, zonke izindatshana ezikule sayithi zingezangempela. Sicela ukhombise umthombo wokuphrinta kabusha:https://www.cncmachiningptj.com

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