Ngombono ovamile, insimbi ngokuvamile iqinile, kuyilapho insimbi ewuketshezi ibhekisela kungxubevange encibilika kancane enephuzu lokuncibilika elingaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-200, eliwuketshezi ekamelweni lokushisa. Insimbi ewuketshezi ibizwa nangokuthi ingilazi yensimbi noma i-amorphous alloy. Igama libonakala liyiqoqo lokungqubuzana: uketshezi nensimbi.

Igama elisemthethweni lensimbi ye-liquid "i-amorphous alloy". Iphula i-crystallization yensimbi futhi yakha i-alloy amorphous ngokungenelela ngokwenziwa ohlelweni lokuqiniswa kwensimbi kusukela oketshezini olushisa kakhulu lokushisa kuya kokuqinile, ngaleyo ndlela ithole ukusebenza okuphakeme kokuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu namandla aphezulu. Mhlawumbe ukusebenza okunamandla kwensimbi ewuketshezi amandla ayo okukhiqiza aphezulu kakhulu. Izinto ezijwayelekile zensimbi zikhona ngendlela yamakristalu, anohlelo olude.

Ihlukile ekuhlakanipheni kwabantu kwansuku zonke, insimbi ewuketshezi ayiyona into entsha ezifundweni. Umbiko wakuqala wokulungiswa ngempumelelo kwama-amorphous alloys uhlehlela emuva ku-1934, lapho ifilimu ye-amorphous yatholwa u-Kramer esebenzisa ukufakwa komhwamuko. Kodwa ukulungiswa kwangempela kwama-alloys amaningi amorphous atholakala ngawo-1990.

Ngo-1993, umsunguli we-Liquidmetal Technologies (okuwukuphela kwenkampani emhlabeni engakhiqiza insimbi ewuketshezi ngobuningi), uProfesa Johnson waseCaltech kanye nomfundi wakhe uPeker, basungula uhlobo olusha lwe-amorphous alloy system, i-Zr-Ti -Cu-Ni- Yiba, ukubeka isisekelo sokuhweba kwensimbi ewuketshezi.

Lobu buchwepheshe batholakala ngo-1959. Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-60 yemizamo engapheli, inqubo yezimboni kusukela elabhorethri kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni iye yafezeka eminyakeni yamuva, futhi iye yasetshenziswa ku-electronics abathengi, imikhiqizo yezemidlalo, izimpahla zikanokusho, imishini yezokwelapha, i-aerospace kanye nokunye. amasimu. .

Inqubo yokulungiselela insimbi ewuketshezi ibonakala ifana neyamanye ama-alloys. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zensimbi ziyancibilika bese ziyapholiswa. Nokho, imfihlo yokulungiselela insimbi ewuketshezi yile: kubanda ngokwanele! Kuphela ngokupholisa ngokushesha lapho ukuphazamiseka kwensimbi ewuketshezi kungalondolozwa. Izinga lokupholisa lezinye izinsimbi eziwuketshezi lidinga ukufinyelela amadigri ayizigidi ezingu-1 ngomzuzwana, ngakho kunzima kakhulu ukulungiselela.

Isicelo sakamuva kanye nemiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi yensimbi engamanzi eminyakeni eyi-19

I-ASUS ikhipha ucingo lokuqala lwensimbi oluwuketshezi

I-ASUS Zenphone 6 ikhishwe ngoDisemba 6, lapho izinto zensimbi eziwuketshezi zizokhonjiswa njengenzuzo yokuncintisana. Kungokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni yamuva ukuthi umenzi womakhalekhukhwini umemezele esidlangalaleni ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziwuketshezi zensimbi. Yakhiwe ngokuhlanganyela i-Asustek kanye nomkhiqizi we-amorphous alloy die-casting e-Jiangsu.

Ihinge negobolondo lalo mkhiqizo wekhamera ephendukile kuyisakhiwo esihlanganisiwe, esidinga isakhiwo esinembayo esiyinkimbinkimbi, izakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu zemishini, isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi yokubukeka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izindleko ezifanele. Ihlolwe ngempumelelo futhi yafinyelela izidingo zokuklama ngemva kwezikhathi eziningi.

Inyuvesi yaseTsinghua yethula isizukulwane esisha se-liquid metal-based composite tumor embolic agents

Muva nje, iqembu lokucwaninga lika-Liu Jing libike ngesizukulwane esisha se-embolization ye-tumor embolization esebenzayo: i-liquid metal/calcium alginate (LM/CA) hydrogel, eguquguqukayo futhi elula ukuyisebenzisa, ejovwayo futhi ebonwayo, futhi engenziwa njengoba kudingeka. Amalungiselelo e-tumor anemisebenzi ethile.

Ocwaningweni, i-gallium-indium alloy liquid metal iphulwa ibe yizinhlayiya ezincane nge-ultrasonic, futhi zihlakazeke ngokulinganayo kusixazululo samanzi se-sodium alginate, esihlanganiswe nesisombululo se-calcium ion, singakha ngokushesha uketshezi oluqinile lwensimbi/i-calcium alginate hydrogel ku. indawo. Inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa kwezimiso libonise ukuthi le hydrogel inokuhambisana okuphezulu kwemithambo, i-hydrophilicity enhle, ukwakheka okufanayo, kanye nepulasitiki enhle. Ngemva kokujova emzimbeni, ibopha ngokuqinile futhi iqine ngemithambo yegazi. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-agent ephezulu yokusebenza kwe-vascular embolization ukuvimba imithambo yegazi. Qalisa i-ischemic necrosis yesimila kanye nezicubu ezizungezile ukuze ulashwe isimila.

I-multi-site tumor conformal therapy esekelwe kumphumela we-electromagnetic wesikhumba esiwuketshezi sensimbi

Iqembu lokucwaninga lika-Liu Jing e-Tsinghua University School of Medicine, ngokubambisana ne-Institute of Physics and Chemistry, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences, libike inhlanganisela ye-gallium-based liquid metal metal (ikakhulukazi i-GaIn alloy) izinto eziqhutshwayo ezine-electromagnetic induction ukuze kutholakale isikhumba se-electronic. (e-skin) amasekhethi Ifanele ukushisisa indawo enkulu futhi ikuhlanganise nokwelashwa kwezifo ukuze kwandiswe ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwe-e-skin nama-bioelectrodes.

Lobu buchwepheshe bokwelapha obuhlanganisa uketshezi lwensimbi lokunyathelisa ugesi kanye nokungeniswa kuka-electromagnetic kulindeleke ukuthi kube ukwelashwa okuyimpumelelo emkhakheni we-systemic hyperthermia ephathekayo kanye nokwelashwa kwesimila esinezindawo eziningi.

Le nkundla engokoqobo kanye nesikhumba sensimbi ewuketshezi indlela yokwelapha isimila se-electronic igwema inqubo yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi, ingafinyelela ukulawulwa kwesikhashana nendawo, ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo, futhi ingagwema ukuphendula kwamasosha omzimba noma izinkinga ze-metabolic ezibangelwa ukujova okuqondile kwama-nanomaterials engeziwe emzimbeni.

impahla yezwe yami eyinhlanganisela yensimbi efinyelela ukunwetshwa okukhulu nokuguquguquka okukhulu

NgoJanuwari 31, 2019, iphephabhuku i-ACS Omega ye-American Chemical Society yashicilela iphepha leqembu labacwaningi elihlangene laseTsinghua University, iTechnical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, kanye ne-China Agricultural University. Ukunwetshwa okukhulu kanye nokuguqulwa kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela yensimbi ewuketshezi.

Impahla eyinhlanganisela yenziwe ngensimbi ewuketshezi kanye nejeli ye-silica, futhi iqukethe indawo ephansi yokubilisa yoketshezi yokusebenza ngaphakathi. Kuyisandiso sohlelo oluyinhlanganisela lwensimbi ye-silica gel olwahlongozwa okokuqala emhlabeni yizwe lami.

NgoMeyi, i-Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences kanye neNyuvesi yaseTsinghua yaphinde yaqinisekisa okokuqala indlela entsha yokulungiselela ngokushesha izinto zokwakha ze-hydrogen tungsten zethusi ekamelweni lokushisa ngosizo lwensimbi ewuketshezi, futhi yembula okuthakazelisayo. umphumela wokushintsha umbala. Ngokulawula izinga lokushisa lokulungiselela, ukugcwala kwama-H+ ion esixazululweni, kanye nesikhathi sokulungiselela, ukufakwa okulawulekayo kokuqukethwe kwe-H+ ion ku-lattice ye-HxMO3 kuyabonakala, okungahlangabezana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza lwemikhakha ehlukene.

Izimpahla ezihlakaniphile zensimbi ewuketshezi ziyaphuma

Ithimba labacwaningi likaSolwazi Liu Jing kanye noSolwazi uZhang Yingying waseNyuvesi yaseTsinghua ngokuhlanganyela lenze indlela yokulungisa izingubo ezihlakaniphile zensimbi ewuketshezi. Ngale ndlela, isekethe yensimbi ye-liquid yendawo enkulu ingalungiswa kalula futhi ngokushesha ngendwangu kakotini, futhi umjikelezo wensimbi olungiselelwe uketshezi ungagoqwa ngokungafanele futhi welulwe ngezingubo.

Ngokusekelwe kule ndlela yokulungiselela, abacwaningi baklame isistimu yezingubo ezihlakaniphile ezinemisebenzi eminingi efana nokusebenzisana kwekhompuyutha yomuntu, ukunikezwa kwamandla okungenantambo, isibonisi esivumelana nezimo, nokuphathwa kokushisa komuntu.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezijwayelekile zokuqondisa ezinwebekayo, ukunamathisela kwe-Cu-EGaIn kunokuhamba okuphezulu nokuhambisana okungcono. Noma ngabe indwangu inwetshiwe noma igoqiwe, ukunamathisela kwe-Cu-EGaIn kuyo kusengakhiqizwa. I-deformation ehambisanayo, futhi ugcine ukuzinza kokuxhumeka kwesifunda.

Indlela yokuzihlanganisa yefilimu yensimbi eguquguqukayo ehlongozwe yi-Institute of Physics and Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ithimba elisezingeni eliphansi lezinga lokushisa eliphansi lebhayoloji nezokwelapha le-Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences lisebenzise ukuzihlanganisa ukuze lilungise ifilimu yensimbi eguquguqukayo kagesi e-anisotropic.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ifilimu ayiqhubeki nhlangothi zombili; futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezeleka okugxilile okuqondile noma ukungqubuzana kwe-shear, izinhlayiya ze-nano EGaIn eziwuketshezi ezisesigabeni esingezansi sefilimu zingafeza ukuqhutshwa okuphumelelayo, ngaleyo ndlela zidlulise amasignali kagesi. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi, Isikhathi sokuphendula sokuvula sensimbi ye-nano liquid singama-2 ns kuphela.

Njengohlobo olusha lwephepha le-elekthronikhi, le filimu yensimbi ewuketshezi inikeza inkundla yokukhiqiza nokuphendula elula futhi esheshayo yokukhiqiza amasekhethi ayinkimbinkimbi anezendlalelo eziningi zezinzwa ezihlakaniphile zescale.

Xhumanisa nale ndatshana: Insimbi ewuketshezi ngenkathi yama-amorphous alloys yavula ithuba lokuqhuma

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